Later apothecaries led by nuns were spread across the Italian peninsula. Because of their eventual spread to urban society, these religious women gained "roles of public significance beyond the spiritual realm (Strocchia 627). This profit they used towards their charitable goals. As they progressed in skill they started to expand their field to create profit. At first they used their knowledge in non-curative uses in the convents to solidify the sanctity of religion among their sisters. In Renaissance Italy, Italian Nuns became a prominent source for medicinal needs. That will be for your health and for your pride. Though in this town there is no apothecary, In modern English, this can be translated as: That shul been for youre hele and for youre prow. 1342–1400) was mentioning an English apothecary in the Canterbury Tales, specifically " The Nun's Priest's Tale" as Pertelote speaks to Chauntecleer (lines 181–184): īy the end of the 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer (c. Apothecaries were also active in Al-Andalus by the 11th century. Hadzovic, apothecary shops existed during the Middle Ages in Baghdad, operated by pharmacists in 754 during the Abbasid Caliphate, or Islamic Golden Age. Īccording to Sharif Kaf al-Ghazal, and S. Ma huang, an herb first mentioned in the book, led to the introduction of the drug ephedrine into modern medicine. Ginseng's use as a sexual stimulant and aid for erectile dysfunction stems from this book. Many of the mentioned drugs and their uses are still followed today. It had treatments which came from minerals, roots and grass, and animals. The book, which documented 365 treatments, had a focus on roots and grass. The Shen-nung pen ts'ao ching, a Chinese book on agriculture and medicinal plants (3rd century AD), is considered a foundational material for Chinese medicine and herbalism and became an important source for Chinese apothecaries. The Papyrus Ebers from ancient Egypt, written around 1500 BC, contain a collection of more than 800 prescriptions. In ancient India, the Sushruta Samhita, a compendium on the practice of medicine and medical formulations, has been traced back to the 1st century BC. Clay tablets have been found with medical texts recording symptoms, prescriptions, and the directions for compounding. The profession of apothecary can be dated back at least to 2600 BC to ancient Babylon, which provides one of the earliest records of the practice of the apothecary. History Ī 15th-century French apothecary (at right). It is generally an Americanism, though some areas of the United States use it to invoke an experience of nostalgic revival and it has been used for a wide variety of businesses while in other areas such as California its use is restricted to licensed pharmacies. Use of the term in the names of businesses varies with time and location. The word in Indonesian is apoteker, which was borrowed from the Dutch apotheker. Likewise, "pharmacy" translates as apotek in Danish, Norwegian and Swedish, apteekki in Finnish, apoteka in Bosnian, aptieka in Latvian, апотека ( apoteka) in Serbian, аптека ( apteka) in Russian, Bulgarian, Macedonian and Ukrainian, Apotheke in German and apteka in Polish. In some European and other languages, the term is current and used to designate a pharmacist/chemist, such as German and Dutch Apotheker, Latvian aptiekārs and Luxembourgish Apdikter. bodega and boutique), Medieval Latin apothecarius ("storekeeper"), and eventually Old French apotecaire. The term "apothecary" derives from the Ancient Greek ἀποθήκη ( apothḗkē, "a repository, storehouse") via Latin apotheca ("repository, storehouse, warehouse", cf. In 17th-century England, they also controlled the trade in tobacco which was imported as a medicine. Apothecary shops sold ingredients and the medicines they prepared wholesale to other medical practitioners, as well as dispensing them to patients. In addition to dispensing herbs and medicine, apothecaries offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed by other specialist practitioners, such as surgeons and obstetricians. In some languages and regions, "apothecary" is not archaic and has become those languages' term for "pharmacy" or a pharmacist who owns one.Īpothecaries' investigation of herbal and chemical ingredients was a precursor to the modern sciences of chemistry and pharmacology. The modern terms 'pharmacist' and 'chemist' (British English) have taken over this role. Apothecary ( / ə ˈ p ɒ θ ɪ k ər i/) is an archaic English term for a medical professional who formulates and dispenses materia medica (medicine) to physicians, surgeons, and patients.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |